# Wheel Loads On Concrete Slabs

The first floor slab is 8. The pressure reduction is so great that generally the live load can be neglected. AU - Destrée, Xavier. Another cause of concrete cracking is structural overload. An extensive validation exercise was undertaken to compare the predictions obtained using these upper and lower bound solutions for a number of case studies, mainly of bridges. 5-809-12 air force manual no. During the wheel loading test, the impact vibration tests were carried out on these specimens at certain wheel load cycles, in which a newly developed lightweight impact vibration equipment was introduced for the vibration excitation. T1 - Design and construction aspects of steel fiber-reinforced concrete elevated slabs. loads such as those of a wheel of a car. A load transfer device, adapted to be grouted into a core hole drilled vertically through the joint between adjoining concrete slabs, includes a hollow diamond-shaped member and anchoring blades attached to opposite sides thereof. A mini truck can deliver a 2. Concrete slabs may also move because of: 1) subgrade/subbase settlement; 2) temperature and moisture changes that cause curling; and 3) loads. Poulos made the point that soil layering also affects the subgrade modulus, and that it is difficult to take layering into account. It is concluded that there is a need to investigate the bearing capacity of transversely prestressed concrete deck slabs supported by and connected to concrete girders using a large scale model since most of the past research is either done on concrete decks with steel girders or on small scale models. Performing Organization, Name and Address 10. 6 – Reinforcement , concrete slabs-on-ground can be plain concrete or reinforced for crack control only with. 3 Material properties The bridge contains two types of material, the first type is the concrete and the prestressed steel is the second type. Load Transfer The slabs ability to share its load with its neighboring slab Dowels High Traffic Volumes (Pavements > 8 in. A basic concrete mix works for many small projects, such as setting posts, while a high-strength or crack-resistant mix works better for patching a driveway. Practice Periodical on Structural Design and Construction July 2004. While other factors including concrete compressive strength, the thickness and quality of the. Floor finish load Dead Load: Self weight of the slab= Mass / Weight of the slab i. Measuring the area where concrete will be placed to calculate how many cubic yards, cubic feet (or cubic meters) will be needed. Examples utilize a flat plate subjected to uniform load and a concrete slab on steel beams subjected to fork-lift truck loads. Slab thicknesses of 8, 12 and 24 inches (200, 305 and 610 mm) were. Joint sand is pumped out as well, and loss of interlock follows. Composite phase load factors: 1. When using wheel spacers extra attention should be paid to their vertical placement so as to avoid drifting during concreting. A concrete slab 10 in thick, modulus of subgrade reaction of 100 pci, radius of wheel imprint 6 in is subjected to 10 kip single load. forced concrete designs that have been reviewed for slabs on ground do not have enough reinforcing to actually in-crease the slab’s load-carrying capacity above that of an unreinforced slab. Dowel bars Dowel bars are placed at the transverse joints of concrete pavement and they take part in partial wheel load transfer from one slab to its adjacent slab. 2ffS *or exterior stringers, where S = the spacing of stringers in feet. is applicable for wheel loads. Please Enter Length In Foot. The effect of Class 70-R tracked or wheel load will not be maximum since it is to be placed 1. The minimum designed thickness of the concrete slab in a pavement layer for medium to heavy traffic load must be 20 cm. bottom of top slab of prestressed concrete (PSC) box-girder bridges which are not prestressed later-ally (Almustafa 1983, Oh et al. Move up/down to wheel spacing = 81 Tire Inflation Pressure, Ip = 60. Punching Shear Strength Design of RC Slab According ACI318M-08 Spreadsheet The main objective of this sheet is to evaluate the effect of design tje RC slab for punching shear strength. Impact factor is a multiplying factor which depends upon many factors such as weight of vehicle, span of bridge, velocity of vehicle etc. Move to right to. The deck is often. The dowel divides, in the direction of height, the concrete slab into different parts which function separately and do not support each other in load situations. In the first place, the slab size is selected in such a way only one wheel set is loading each slab, typically between 1. In warehouses and storage facilities such slabs are subjected to concentrated point loads from storage rack posts or forklift wheel loads. Class A wheel load as shown in Fig. The shear design of reinforced concrete (RC) slabs under concentrated loads calls for the definition of an effective width, which can be used to assess the slab's shear capacity. They are lightweight and leave no voids under the bar or mesh, and have no rust problems. Structural framing plans for all composite slabs showing the size, location and type of all deck supports. JAMES AND DALEE. Chavez, and J. On short spans, it is possible that the maximum conceivable load will be achieved—that is to say, on spans of less than 30 metres (100 feet), four heavy trucks may cross at the same time, two in each direction. ^2 Factor of Safety, FS = 2. Slab thickness can often be reduced by 2 inches or more, saving up to 30 percent in material costs while expediting placement work. M Main reinforcement Distribution reinforcement e maximum B. Dowel bars are embedded on both the slabs, and on one slab there is a dowel cap which provides space for the bar to occupy it when there is. Performance Determination of Precast Concrete Slabs Used for the Repair of Rigid Pavements 6. The load distribution spread was also updated. Since the majority of the slab tracks are fell in either stiff or very stiff classes, the results obtained for the slab tracks contradict the mostly used assumption of “wheel load distribution over three adjacent sleepers” in which the adjacent rail-seat takes 25% of the wheel load (i. This aggressive turbo cup grinding wheel provides for very fast cutting action on masonry, stone and concrete. Concrete Slab on Grade Analysis for Post and Wheel Loading Download & Save the software to use (requires MS Excel) Enter your search terms Submit search form. • Available in custom sizes up to 12 feet. criteria for distribution of wheel loads on highway bridges. Design of Reinforced Concrete Slabs 107 B = 1. o Fine-grained subgrade or erodible base/subbase materials. Westergaard's theory is considered good to design the rigid pavements. heavy cartons, pallets, bales or paper rolls. TM 5-809-12/AFM 88-3, Chap. A loading vehicle configured with eccentric vibrator wheels was used to apply repeated wheel loading. Analysis of Concrete Slabs on Ground Subjected to Warping and Moving Loads K. The lattice girder provides rigidity to the slab when in-situ concrete is poured on-site by a local provider. Most types use Type I or II portland cement. Specifically, a concrete slab on grade may be subjected to concentrated post or wheel loading. For case 9, the moment determined was. 225 k/foot DISTRIBUTION OF LIVE LOAD Use the approximate formulas found in Article 4. These load categories includes the wheel loads on the bridge slabs or the loads from above floors on the columns that support the slab floors. 00 • For axial compression, steel only φc = 0. o Joints with poor load transfer, especially undoweled joints. Base slab - good uniform subgrade, reinforcement, joint layout, level surface, curing. FORM-A-KEY PRODUCTS DIVISION 225 Eiler Ave. Two-Way Concrete Floor Slab with Beams Design and Detailing Design the slab system shown in Figure 1 for an intermediate floor where the story height = 12 ft, column cross-sectional dimensions = 18 in. Excessive delaminations and potholes on bridge deck amplify the dynamic effect of truck traffic, and may cause localized shear failures in a badly deteriorated deck slabs. Hand mixing of the concrete was accomplished in a wheel barrow with a gardening hoe. The experimental studies presented in this paper were conducted to get a better understanding of the load bearing behavior of cantilever slabs and to quantify the influence of the direct. We measured the noise at the highest motor speed and the lowest (Note – some models motors ramp down due to demand to save battery life). transmit the wheel load stresses to wider below. Illustrations. The dolly or trolley is ideal for moving or transporting granite and other types of stone. Once FRP is fully cured the slab achieved the equivalent of #4 rebar 6” off center which is known to withstand a maximum single wheel load of 6500lbs. Slab thickness can often be reduced by 2 inches or more, saving up to 30 percent in material costs while expediting placement work. Session-02: Define and assign sections properties and specifications for members in Staad pro. While other factors including concrete compressive strength, the thickness and quality of the. Concrete Slabs Calculator. Case 2: Wheel load a considerable distance from the edges of the slab. Loss and lateral movement of. Case 1: Wheel load close to the corner of the slab. Assumed construction phase loads. Determine a. There are some risks associated with this detail because the reinforcement area at the joint is higher than that provided in the slab, so the shrinkage movement can form at the weakest point i. A Special Fiber Optic Sensor for Measuring Wheel Lo ads of Vehicles on Highways Ramesh B. The deck span is 7. Structural concrete work is planned to bear loads, or hold weight, but transfer the weight to the soil base beneath the structure. I used a rubber mallet to level the slab and a spirit level to check it was perfectly flat (Image 10 onwards). i am doing this right now, adding on to a existing slab, a general contracter advised me to drill into the existing slab with a spacing between holes every 32 inches and no less than 2 ft from a corner, insert a 5/8 dia rebar in 6 inches with 6 inches sticking out , this will anchor the new slab to the footer of the old slab transfering the load, on the new edges a footer would need to be. Loss and lateral movement of. Such plain concrete slabs are referred to as membrane, floating, or filler slabs and range in thickness from as little as 4" to 8" depending on the supported loads. For loads at a clamped end, b eff = t y + 0. The only way asphalt anything competes is as finish surface on top of a 12 inch reinforced concrete slab, like on the interstate. Many design methods are available for engineers for proportioning GBCS, resulting in significantly. In one practical, yet comprehensive volume, it integrates the three crucial phases in the development of ground bearing concrete slabs - design, specification and. "Concrete Floor Slabs on Grade Subjected to Heavy Loads" Army Technical Manual TM 5-809-12, Air Force Manual AFM 88-3, Chapter 15 (1987) Subgrade Soil Types and Approximate Subgrade Modulus (k) Values. When loads are rolled over the joint. The design of rigid pavement is based on providing a structural cement concrete slab of sufficient strength to resists the loads from traffic. Since floor slabs maybe designed for moving and extreme live loads, the design should be checked for stationary live loading conditions as well. The average axis expansion/shrinking, reference temperature and thermal field correspond with a 3 mm geometric clearance between concrete slabs. We measured the noise at the highest motor speed and the lowest (Note – some models motors ramp down due to demand to save battery life). The slab is loaded at the center by 3 steps of loadings as listed in the. concrete either plain, reinforced or pre-stressed concrete. Let us take an example. Kg = longitudinal stiffness parameter (in4) L = span length (ft). Performance Determination of Precast Concrete Slabs Used for the Repair of Rigid Pavements 6. For all skews of 45 degrees or. The prefabricated slab track is composed of the rail CHN60 (Chinese standard rail with rail mass 60 kg/m), the WJ-7B indirect fastening, the 4. For textured concrete pavers try our ever popular Saxon range, or Wildwood. Fig 2: Transfer of wheel load to foundation in rigid pavement structure a) Concrete Slab (Surface Layer). Dowel bars Dowel bars are placed at the transverse joints of concrete pavement and they take part in partial wheel load transfer from one slab to its adjacent slab. Created 4 cement patties in each corner and laid the slabs on top. Examples utilize a flat plate subjected to uniform load and a concrete slab on steel beams subjected to fork-lift truck loads. (2010) "Shear in reinforced concrete slabs - Concentrated loads close to supports," PhD lunchmeeting, Delft University of. For wheels bolted side by side where the wheel centres are separated by less than 300 mm, the entire load transmitted to the slab through one end of the axle can be considered to represent the wheel load. We show you the best techniques and tools so you get concrete forms right the first time. 400 x 250 mm to simulate the footprint of the vehicle wheel load (57 kN class A) acting on the centre of the slab. Impact damage from hard wheeled moving loads can take its toll on the slab, typically resulting in floor joint damage and surface defects. The stresses developed on road surface due to loading, applied by the wheels in the vehicle over the contact area are known as traffic wheel load stresses. 0m span and a carriageway width of 6. The slab is loaded at the center by 3 steps of loadings as listed in the. MEGASLAB™ is the revolutionary jointless concrete system that will change the world. If the joint is properly skewed, the left wheel of each axle will cross onto the leave slab first and only one wheel will cross the joint at a time, which results in lower load transfer stresses (see Figure 4). The cracking and ultimate loads of the specimens were recorded and compared with the results calculated through. A thick concrete slab in a power plant lacked the internal steel reinforcement to withstand the weight of service trucks. For slabs spanning in both directions published tables and charts should be used to find bending moment and shear per unit width of slab. Case 2: Wheel load a considerable distance from the edges of the slab. Using Figure 4-6, read up the left side until the TL is the same as the design. and is labelled: "designed for Live Working Load of 150#/sq. A total of five full-scale deck slabs were constructed and tested under concentrated cyclic loading until failure. 5" thick, is supported from basement by pillars approx. For reinforced concrete slabs without transverse. 5 million psi with a Poisson ratio of 0. Other loads, such as loads on the roof transferred through dual-purpose rack systems, are also mentioned. As noted in IRC R506. Notes: 1) loads cause tension in the bottom of the concrete slab at wheel locations, 2) slab moments are maximum parallel to the axle, and 3) closer wheel spacing creates more moment in the slab tb Slabs on Grade. It sounds like you are asking what thickness and PSI strength is needed to hold a fully loaded Semi-truck and Trailer. Enter the depth, width, and length to calculate the amount of cubic yards needed for your concrete slab. 4 will produce worst effect and will therefore, govern the design. For an example, let's say it's 12 feet. Excellence Set in Concrete WIRE REINFORCEMENT INSTITUTE® Page 2 • TF 705-R-03 SHRINKAGE CONTROL STEEL AREA DESIGN PROCEDURES Singularly, shrinkage control is the greatest concern in the design of slabs-on-ground. The range overcomes many common challenges in the design and construction of durable, maintenance-free and safe concrete ﬂatwork. The cracking and ultimate loads of the specimens were recorded and compared with the results calculated through. You may even get stress cracking parallel to the joint. thick would require 55 80-pound bags. Erosion of the concrete of the RC slab is caused by combined actions, such as those of cyclic wheel loads, water, or freezing pressure. Westergaard's theory is considered good to design the rigid pavements. Are you looking to buy a car but can't decide between a Mercedes-Benz CLA 45 or Porsche 718? Use our side by side comparison to help you make a decision. Work procedure1. These slabs had the same clear span length as the top flange of the optimized double-tee and were loaded with a wheel patch load. A mini truck can deliver a 2. The loaded back axle is negligible in this example. Use of the copyrighted material apart from this UFC must have the permission of the copyright holder. This epoxy absorbs the impact and shock of heavy loads and steel wheeled traffic, preventing erosion of control joint edges. Dead Load = 25*. 45 \times 10^{4} {\text{MPa}}\). 75 for 96 inch ID and. How to Measure Concrete to Be Poured. Pressures exerted on the subgrade due to loading are usually low because of the rigidity of concrete floor slabs and loads from forklifts wheels or high rack legs are spread over large areas. presented in ASTM C1433 subject to AASHTO HS20 truck wheel load. For 150 mm slab. Impact must be added to the live load for fills less than 0. Please Enter Length In Foot. Effective Width in Shear of Reinforced Concrete Solid Slab Bridges Under Wheel Loads. Pressures exerted on the subgrade due to loading are usually low because of the rigidity of concrete floor slabs and loads from forklifts wheels or high rack legs are spread over large areas. Bending of the slab due to wheel load on temperature. The dowel… Highway Engineering. Then double that for the labor/mat. All the tests showed failure in punching shear at loads much higher than expected from the current codes. Analyzing the actual distribution of the wheel loads, the slab was modeled as a beam on an elastic foundation using typical values for Modulus of Elasticity, E, of cast-in-place concrete (3,122 ksi [21,530 MPa]) and a sub-grade modulus of the soil, k s, (231 pci [6. constant wheel loads will pump sand laterally or upward, and out of the paving assembly. This free concrete calculator will estimate the amount of yardage for your concrete slabs, floors, walls, footings, and cylinders. This report covers the design of slabs on grade for loads caused by material stored directly on the slab or on storage racks, as well as static and dynamic loads associ-ated with handling equipment and vehicles. and the wheel hardness should be smaller than the rail. 1 is modeled as a concrete slab having different flexural rigidities of concrete. Aardwolf Load Master Trolley is a three wheeled long slab carrying trolley with 2 pneumatic rubber wheels 12. Three-Dimensional Fatigue Simulation of RC Slabs under Traveling Wheel-Type Loads Article (PDF Available) in Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology 4(3):445-457 · November 2006 with 280 Reads. of the concrete slab by considering the variations of temperature and drying shrinkage through the depth of the concrete slab. (2009) "Shear in reinforced concrete slabs - Shear capacity near simple and continuous supports," 11th Symposium of the Research School Integral Design of Structures, Noordwijkerhout, The Netherlands. The thickness of concrete pavement is generally designed to limit tensile stresses produced within the slab by vehicle loading, and temperature and moisture changes within the slab. Design Aids are Instrumental in Constructing Concrete Buildings Slightly more than half of all low-rise buildings in the United States are constructed from concrete. 90 • For tension, fracture in net section φu = 0. Floors - Ctr Wall Ld Thickness Calculate the required thickness of a concrete slab-on-grade floor to support a wall load at the center/interior or on a joint. Ratios for continuous slabs are for internal bays. Live loads were applied at each level of cover by. 500 kg/m2 is typical for office, storage space and similar. The bulk of the work for a new slab is in the excavation and form building. Abstract This paper discusses a fatigue durability of longitudinally prestressed concrete slabs under running wheel load. 4 kg/cm 3]). Whether you need a wheel loader for use in landscaping, agricultural, construction, waste management, forestry, or mining applications. This free concrete calculator will estimate the amount of yardage for your concrete slabs, floors, walls, footings, and cylinders. Session-02: Define and assign sections properties and specifications for members in Staad pro. Enables concrete to withstand greater stresses, both prior to and post cracking. Slab Thickness, t = 8. 10 [1] Figure 1 CHBdC wheel Load surfaces Contact area (Foot Print) table 1 wheel surface Contact area. Floating slab track is a popular approach used to try to reduce vibration transmitted from underground railways into the surrounding soil and thence into nearby buildings. This spreadsheet has been designed to accommodate gravity loads which are typically present on industrial floor slabs. Although it is commonly known that bridge deck slabs have inherent enhanced strength due to the presence of arching or compressive membrane action, only recently has there been some acceptance of a rational treatment of this phenomenon for design and assessment purposes. • Features a specially designed elastomer between the steel plates providing compressibility and elongation for concrete movement. slabs will no longer effectively transfer wheel loads across the joint. Before the slab is loaded with temporary construction loads, MEWPs etc. A one-way slab under single loading, such as a deck slab under wheel loads (Figure 1 c), is lying in-between. Pumping is the ejection of soil slurry through the joints and cracks of cement concrete pavement, caused during the downward movement of slab under the heavy wheel loads. 2-2004, an accompanying lane factor of 1, 0. in concrete pavement slabs on Reissner's foundation developed by Reddy and Pranesh[1] was used to determine the maximum bending moment due to interior loading by a floating tandem axle. 3 per cent, which indicates a relatively good load transfer for these precast concrete slab placements Friction Roadway friction is the interaction between the roadway surface with the wheels of a vehicle. March 31, 2014 0 "GRDSLAB" is a spreadsheet program written in MS-Excel for the purpose of analysis of concrete slabs on grade. 1—Introduction. The dead load, DC, acting on the composite section is: Rail: 0. Dynamic loadings include material handling equipment ("MHE"), and other traffic including: forklifts, pallet stackers and other vehicles. Ground bearing concrete floors, industrial concrete hardstandings and concrete highway pavements have not, in the past, been perceived as a single type of structural element and their construction has taken place independently of each other. 0 M is most preferred. Six full-scale 2. , the concrete should achieve at least the design strength as specified by the project engineer, verified by cube testing. Depending upon the load a building has to bear, the thickness measures the same. The dome also eliminates hard filling and speeds up the process of making a spot-on slab of concrete. The slab is loaded at the center by 3 steps of loadings as listed in the. 3 Side lift. 5 Wheel Spacing, S = 81. Regarding cases 1 to 8: For a single line of wheel loads, the controlling moment was determined based on the maximum moment from the wheel loads under load P1 and between loads P1 and P3, as shown in Figure 1. Trying to push that up a slight grade is grueling work. this chart for single wheel loads. concrete either plain, reinforced or pre-stressed concrete. Wall loads. Density *Area. Using Figure 4-6, read up the left side until the TL is the same as the design. Structural framing plans for all composite slabs showing the size, location and type of all deck supports. Hence, if the wheel load is 10 kNs, and if the distance from the wheel to the beam on the left is 7m, and the distance to the beam on the right is 3m, the beam on the left gets a 3 kN load, and the beam on the right gets a 7 kN load. ACI SCM-25(03)—Concrete Slabs on Ground; ACI One-Day Seminar—Concrete Slabs on Ground, Baltimore, Maryland, December 2, 2003, Richard Smith and Bruce Suprenant. Then, as traffic wheel loads cross the longitudinal joint, the two adjacent slabs will move independently. Class A wheel load as shown in Fig. Maximum spacing of free joints (m) An alternative joint for heavy wheel loads is to use 16-20mm dowels. Pouring & Finishing Concrete Slabs. M Main reinforcement Distribution reinforcement e maximum B. stresses that are not induced by wheel loads is made. A properly designed concrete slab. 3—Steel fiber reinforcement. It is also used at the longitudinal joints to keep the slabs from separating. It is ideal for moving stone or glass. 2 LRFD Requirements 17. Deck and Deck Attachment 1. IF NOT then place directly on granular layer. The test was performed with each mower set at the highest deck level, sitting on a concrete slab. RE: Concentrated load on structural slab jike (Structural) 16 Dec 03 15:18 ACI does not give any guidelines for this, but lucky for us Westegaard solved this problem back in the 30's when wheel loads on bridge slabs started becoming large. Design of Reinforced Concrete Slabs 107 B = 1. ; E-mails: [email protected] CniLns, Physical Reseal'ch Engineer Michigan State Highway Department SYNOPSIS An-attempt has been made to study the effect of wheel loads upon concrete slabs by the use of models. The situation can be aggravated by bigger concrete cover to reinforcements. , and unfactored live load = 100 psf. CONCRETE FLOOR SLABS ON GRADE SUBJECTED TO HEAVY LOADS Any copyrighted material included in this UFC is identified at its point of use. A concrete slab 10 in thick, modulus of subgrade reaction of 100 pci, radius of wheel imprint 6 in is subjected to 10 kip single load. Box 14144 Louisville, KY 40214 Phone: (502) 361-1396 3. The CivilWeb PCA Pavement Design Spreadsheet completes a full concrete pavement design in accordance with the PCA method of rigid pavement design. thick would require 55 80-pound bags. (2009) "Shear in reinforced concrete slabs - Shear capacity near simple and continuous supports," 11th Symposium of the Research School Integral Design of Structures, Noordwijkerhout, The Netherlands. full text of "concrete floor slabs on grade subjected to heavy loads" see other formats army tm 5-809-1 2 air force afm 88-3, chap. 25$/sq foot Travatine Stone approx 12X24 200 truck loads of unscreened topsoil Insulation Water and heating pipes Concrete Step 3 Fireplaces. Specifically, a concrete slab on grade may be subjected to concentrated post or wheel loading. Because concrete floor slabs are rigid, concentrated loads from forklift wheels or rack posts are spread over a larger area of sub-grade which results in lower pressures than the slab surface is exposed to. Security Class (this report) 20. The D-load of the pipe to produce 0. 4 equipment & workers, 1. ) and the slab is. Standard 2 3/4" depth from the anchor flange to the top of the drain allows for concrete to secure the drain system within the slab. Build a sidewalk, patio, or floor with QUIKRETE concrete mixes no matter your skill level. concrete slab was 0 °C and the temperature of the top was -7°C. Here’s why: A 10-ft. CCS1-10 page 22 RHS. March 31, 2014 0 "GRDSLAB" is a spreadsheet program written in MS-Excel for the purpose of analysis of concrete slabs on grade. Full-scale experimental tests were conducted on 24 typical precast concrete box culverts designed as per ASTM C1433. Effective Width in Shear of Reinforced Concrete Solid Slab Bridges Under Wheel Loads. ACI 302 recommends placing concrete directly on vapor retarder or barrier. Analysis of Concrete Pavement Responses to Temperature and Wheel Loads Measured from Intrumented Slabs H. 67 ×105 Pa and a tire print of 0. Post anchor is designed to be fastened to a concrete slab. Static loads include for example, block stacking, equipment and machinery and storage racking systems. Varying axle loads are converted in terms of a single standard axle load, which is 80 kN in India. Wheel load stresses - Westergaard's stress equation The cement concrete slab is assumed to be homogeneous and to have uniform elastic properties with vertical sub-grade reaction being proportional to the deflection. The color wheel is a circular display of 12 hues of color arranged according to their relationship to one another. A construction wheelbarrow full of concrete can weigh nearly four hundred pounds. September 2·. Author Affiliations 3. imposed wheel loads of vehicles, such portions of sidewalks and driveways shall be designed for a uniformly distributed load of six hundred psf or for the maximum vehicular wheel load that could be imposed thereon, whichever develops the greater stresses. a slab is subject to modular racking posts loads of 3,750 lbs each in a grid of 6'x6'. ” Live Load Distribution For Fills < 2 Feet For fills < 2 feet, the live load distribution shall be according to Article 4. The wheel spacing, effective contact area, and concrete stress per thousand pounds of axle load must all be known. Specifically, a concrete slab on grade may be subjected to concentrated post or wheel loading. Tall Slab on Ground Chairs. Engineered to provide 30% faster stock removal. slabs of stone. AU - Mobasher, Barzin. Click the button to calculate the volume of concrete and man-hours (not including mixing) needed for this job. Malla 1,*, Amlan Sen 2 and Norman W. (1984, 1987) found a drastically shortened fatigue life of RC slabs, which was success-fully verified through experiment, under traveling wheel loads. Maximum wheel loads for industrial floors. Our push-on 7/8", 1'', 1½”, 2'' and 3'' rebar wheels can be used for all concrete work including precast, utility vaults, slabs, barriers, foundation work and bridges. Model studies and full-scale, accelerated traffic tests have shown that maximum tensile stresses in concrete pave-ments occur when vehicle wheel loads are close to a free or. Design data B. In the case of biaxially spanned slabs under single-loads, such as flat slabs or footings, punching shear is decisive (Figure 1 b). (canceled) 20. We measured the noise at the highest motor speed and the lowest (Note – some models motors ramp down due to demand to save battery life). G)Contents1 Method Statement for Pouring Concrete on Slab on Grade (S. In a rigid pavement, load is distributed by the slab action rigid pavements are constructed by portable cement concrete and should be analyzed by plat theory instead of layer theory. is based on the theory of a beam on a liquid There are situations where a wall is placed on a new thickened slab or- on an existing concrete floor slab. A single wheel load with a tire pressure of 6. Heavy wheel loads, for example, are transferred through the slab and onto the subgrade. Stress in concrete pavements computed by theoretical analysis, (1926/1) Computation of stresses in concrete roads (1926/2) One hundred years advance in structural analysis, (1930/1) Computation of stresses in bridge slabs due to wheel loads (1930/2) Water pressures on dams during earthquakes, ASCE (1933). 5" thick, is supported from basement by pillars approx. This 12" load bearing block is designed for foundation walls and structures. Another important factor is load transfer. This guide covers the design of slabs-on-ground for loads from material stored directly on the slab, storage rack loads, and static and dynamic loads associated with equipment and vehicles. Ground Bearing Concrete Slabs has been specifically written to break down the 'walls' that have arisen between these three areas and focus on the issues that are common to them all. Effective Width in Shear of Reinforced Concrete Solid Slab Bridges under Wheel Loads 1. Basis Of Floor Slab on Grade Design. 5-809-12 air force manual no. Refer to AD150. Description. American Concrete Institute Approach. Due to bleeding, water comes up and accumulates at the surface. In a spreadsheet-based approach, an assumption for the distribution of the loads from the wheel prints is necessary. How to Pour a Concrete Slab: The Basics. The slabs are usually reinforced, and various types of joints are used to control cracking due to shrinkage of the concrete. The dual-wheel gear load with 137 cm (54 inches) dual spacing was increased from 0 to 34 tonnes (75,000 lbs) and was maintained for 10 seconds at every test. The 2nd level floor system consists of a reinforced concrete slab supported by composite steel beams and composite steel girders that in turn are supported by wide flange steel columns. 00 • For axial compression, steel only φc = 0. Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT) Unified Facility Criteria. An unstable surface results where loose pavers are damaged (chipping and cracking) from continued wheel loads. To support the slab, carbon fabric strips were applied to the underside of. Regarding cases 1 to 8: For a single line of wheel loads, the controlling moment was determined based on the maximum moment from the wheel loads under load P1 and between loads P1 and P3, as shown in Figure 1. There are some risks associated with this detail because the reinforcement area at the joint is higher than that provided in the slab, so the shrinkage movement can form at the weakest point i. Vehicular load model 1 Tandem system of Eurocode would be adopted in the study. Description. investigated include (1) load level, (2) dowel spacing, (3) concrete slab thickness, (4) multiple wheel loads and (5) dowel looseness. and the wheel hardness should be smaller than the rail. Popular jobs include sidewalks, pool decks, footings, steps, garage floors and granite step footings. The minimum design load. The corner section is found to be more critical. 75 for 96 inch ID and. The fatigue life of RC bridge decks has long been a key issue in life-cycle design and maintenance. HARR, Professor of Soil Mechanics, Purdue University A theory has been developed whereby stresses and deflections could be calculated for a series of rectangular slabs lying on a. 5 Wheel Spacing, S = 81. and is labelled: "designed for Live Working Load of 150#/sq. Class A wheel load as shown in Fig. Construction equipment load of 20 PSF or 150 LB/FT of width concentrated load from worker per SDI Design Manual Pub. For ribbed slabs, the ratio should be reduced by 20% (5kN/m²), 10% (10kN/m²), 5% (20kN/m²), where the quoted loads refer to total unfactored dead and imposed load. through the contact area of a tire or crawler track). Designed for lifting dry slabs of concrete, stone, or metal that must be protected from scratching or marring. For fills less than 2 feet, the live load is considered as a contact load with a distribution of E = 4 +0. Specifically, a concrete slab on grade may be subjected to concentrated post or wheel loading. The dolly or trolley is ideal for moving or transporting granite and other types of stone. We can produce trolleys in capacity of 2. 7c-Post Load Wall Load Unif. Unit Weight, wc = 150 pcf Top/Slab Reinforcing Yield, fy = 60000 psi Subgrade Modulus, k = 200 pci Concentrated Load, P = 8550. A large number of rectangular concrete slabs were analyzed using Finite Element (FE) analysis. 75 • AASHTO LRFD Initially • 1. Materials and References After back-filling works the next is casting slab on […]. 6 - Reinforcement , concrete slabs-on-ground can be plain concrete or reinforced for crack control only with. 3 Dishwashers In slab heating blankets Ceramic Flooring. A slab of something is a thick, flat piece of it. Wheel load stresses - Westergaard's stress equation The cement concrete slab is assumed to be homogeneous and to have uniform elastic properties with vertical sub-grade reaction being proportional to the deflection. This paper presents comparative study of thickness design of concrete pavements. Yet this method needed to be safe and be able to deliver realistic results. 4 will produce worst effect and will therefore, govern the design. Example of a joint-free floor slab with expansion joints. 500 kg/m 2 is typical for office, storage space and similar. Four slab specimens with different types of concrete were fabricated and tested to study the load capacities of positive and negative moment regions of the slabs. China new construction equipment/ precast concrete house, parts, elements machine/ concrete slab machine works on the long-line table, using the high-strength low-relaxation steel strand as the guide, using the pushing work method to forming the concrete hollow-core slab. Concrete floor slabs on grade are subjected to a varie ty of loads and loading conditions. • The new GOMACO screed can advance as much as four feet (1. In addition to design, this guide discusses soil. Concrete Slab Finishing Specification Example: The following is an example of a performance-based specification for concrete finishing as it relates to the F-Number system. Analysis of Concrete Slabs on Grade This spreadsheet program written in MS-Excel for the purpose of analysis of concrete slabs on grade. These factors are used for both moment and. deflection of the concrete slab to a maximum value of 0. Floor slabs on grade should be analyzed for adequate structural live loads. 4 foil insulation 100 feet long Driveway and lawn stone material All available in Kennedale area and willing to take offers on any of the products. away from the wheel guard. 3 m in height, and the cylindrical bollard. 15 is adequate for most cases. Although it is commonly known that bridge deck slabs have inherent enhanced strength due to the presence of arching or compressive membrane action, only recently has there been some acceptance of a rational treatment of this phenomenon for design and assessment purposes. ) Now multiply this with area of slab to get total dead load in slab. 63~69, June 2009 Load Distribution Factors for Hollow Core Slabs with In-situ Reinforced Concrete Joints Jong-Young Song,1) Kim S, Elliott,2) Ho Lee,3) and Hyo-Gyoung Kwak4) (Received March 16, 2009, Revised May 6, 2009, Accepted May 7, 2009). 00 Dowel Bar Dia. Concrete Strength, f 'c = 4000 psi Instructions for Use of Figure 3: Subgrade Modulus, k = 200. The following is a complete catalog of our concrete colors. Tabulated track load is the full weight of carriage, shelving, decking, track, and media divided by the actual carriage spacing. 000 1000 200 LC-H9 9. Punching Shear Strength Design of RC Slab According ACI318M-08 Spreadsheet The main objective of this sheet is to evaluate the effect of design tje RC slab for punching shear strength. Dispersion of load along span: The effective length of slab on which a wheel load or tack load acts shall be taken as equal to the dimensions of the tyre contact area over the wearing surface of the slab in the direction of the span plus twice the overall depth of the slab inclusive of the thickness of the wearing coat. Many slabs that are constructed fail because the thickness of the slab is not adequate. Tensile stresses are calculated from the upper and lower slab area, for different entry conditions, i. This spreadsheet performs an analysis and design of two-way spanning reinforced concrete slab. Wheel Load Dispersal on Box Culverts Ribbed slab is a type of reinforced concrete slabs in which some of the volume of concrete in the tension zone is. In addition to design, this guide discusses soil. Regarding cases 1 to 8: For a single line of wheel loads, the controlling moment was determined based on the maximum moment from the wheel loads under load P1 and between loads P1 and P3, as shown in Figure 1. What is the minimum thickness required? 6. Ground Bearing Concrete Slabs has been specifically written to break down the 'walls' that have arisen between these three areas and focus on the issues that are common to them all. The loaded back axle is negligible in this example. 500 kg/m 2 is typical for office, storage space and similar. Find Decorative Concrete Contractors. • Speed/wheel influence – P v = P + θP (AREMA) where P v = Vertical Dynamic Load (lbs) θ = D 33 x V D w x 100 D = Wheel diameter (in) V = Speed (MPH) P = Static Load (lbs) – Larger wheels impose less influence • Additional dynamic loads from impacts such as caused by wheel flat spots, rail discontinuities (e. Analysis of Concrete Pavement Responses to Temperature and Wheel Loads Measured from Intrumented Slabs. failure mechanism of reinforced concrete slabs under moving wheel loads. IF NOT then place directly on granular layer. Based on these experiments, the numerical fatigue simulation was validated by integrating constitutive models of cracked concrete and soil foundations. The D-load of the pipe to produce 0. 15 departments of the army and the air force technical manual concrete floor slabs on grade subjected to heavy loads departments of the army, and the air force august 1987 technical manual no. 3 Loading Authors: John Knapton. Six full-scale 2. constant wheel loads will pump sand laterally or upward, and out of the paving assembly. Are you looking to buy a car but can't decide between a BMW 220i or Porsche 718? Use our side by side comparison to help you make a decision. 6 - Reinforcement , concrete slabs-on-ground can be plain concrete or reinforced for crack control only with. For reinforced concrete slabs without transverse. For wheels bolted side by side where the wheel centres are separated by less than 300 mm, the entire load transmitted to the slab through one end of the axle can be considered to represent the wheel load. However, this method does not account for the continuity of the'slab over several girders. Specifically, a concrete slab on grade may be subjected to concentrated post or wheel loading. This is especially true where the slab is less than 2 feet below grade. where is the radius of the wheel load distribution in cm and is the slab thickness in cm. PY - 2010/12/1. Punching Shear Strength Design of RC Slab According ACI318M-08 Spreadsheet The main objective of this sheet is to evaluate the effect of design tje RC slab for punching shear strength. The standard thickness of a concrete floor slab in ordinary residential constructions is 4''. Capable of handling drywall mud, plaster, stucco, mortar, concrete and more up to 180 lbs. prestressed concrete bridge girders that support a concrete slab that has a span length of 25 m, width 10 m and slab thickness of 200 mm [Figure 2. wheel loads. Standard 2 3/4" depth from the anchor flange to the top of the drain allows for concrete to secure the drain system within the slab. Work procedure1. 8" in diameter and 1 x 5. In such ease, the dead load of the steel girders and the deck slab including its form-work is carried by the non-composite steel girders but the second stage of dead loads and live loads are carried by the composite section. Interlocking Concrete Pavement Institute 1444 I Street, N. 75" thick, similar pillars as first floor, and is labelled "designed for Live Working Load of 100#/sq. ) l = Radius of Relative Stiffness (in. The stresses occurs in the corner area is higher for the dynamic wheel load, but in case of the edge and center pavement. unloaded slab. Abstract This paper presents the results of a parametric study related to the wheel load distribution in one-span, simply supported, multilane, reinforced concrete slab bridges. Mabsout et al. Slab Thickness, t = 8. wheel loads. Lift Truck Load Stress in Concrete Floors Vinicius Fernando Arcaro, Luiz Carlos de Almeida University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil Abstract This text presents an analytical expression to calculate the maximum tension, at the bottom side of a concrete slab on ground, due to lift truck wheel loads. Performing Organization Code CAIT/UTEP 7. 0 M is most preferred. Build a sidewalk, patio, or floor with QUIKRETE concrete mixes no matter your skill level. These railings have the effect of stiffening and attracting load to the slab edge and therefore altering the lateral wheel load distribution on concrete slab bridges. Document Analysis/Descriptors 18. 225 k/foot DISTRIBUTION OF LIVE LOAD Use the approximate formulas found in Article 4. Fig 2: Transfer of wheel load to foundation in rigid pavement structure a) Concrete Slab (Surface Layer). The loading plate is circular with a diameter of 12 inches. This paper presents the results of a parametric study related to the wheel load distribution in one-span, simply supported, multilane, reinforced concrete slab bridges. The same provisions and objection were. The slabs have the advantages of smooth surface, high-density structure. forklift trucks, trolley and other vehicles. Different joints in concrete slabs all have the same bottom-line purpose of preventing cracks. Slab Thickness : 150mm Density of RCC : 2500 Kg/Cum. elastic foundation analysis for slabs with small loaded areas (such as wheel loads), it can lead to problems where heavy loads are applied over large areas unless a lower value is used for the subgrade modulus. March 31, 2014 0 "GRDSLAB" is a spreadsheet program written in MS-Excel for the purpose of analysis of concrete slabs on grade. Main features of the spreadsheet 1. Additional external sensors installed on slabs C5 and C6, required the vehicle wheel outer edge to be located 15 cm (6 inches) inside the slab edge. Work Unit No. The pressure reduction is so great that generally the live load can be neglected. The deck is often. No fill was placed on the top slab of the culverts and rigid bedding material was assumed to support the culverts. Concrete Slabs Calculator. Concrete slab-on-ground cracking resistance via ISLAB 2000 finite element analysis (FEA). Best Way Concrete 206-504-2372 *** Concrete Pump Now Available (Pumping is a separate service and must be scheduled in advance) *** Concrete Mixed Fresh on the Spot. BibTeX @MISC{Zhang08anovel, author = {Wenbin Zhang and Chunguang Suo and Qi Wang}, title = {A Novel Sensor System for Measuring Wheel Loads of Vehicles on Highways}, year = {2008}}. Refer to AD150. For slabs with light loads, as those for homes, include wire mesh midway up the thickness of the slab to reduce cracking. 00 Session 3 - Wheel Loads, Post Loads, Uniformly Distributed Loads & Combined Loads. What I claim is 1. 2-m width and four wheel groups of six wheels which each wheel counted as 60 kN of the concentrated load. • Speed/wheel influence – P v = P + θP (AREMA) where P v = Vertical Dynamic Load (lbs) θ = D 33 x V D w x 100 D = Wheel diameter (in) V = Speed (MPH) P = Static Load (lbs) – Larger wheels impose less influence • Additional dynamic loads from impacts such as caused by wheel flat spots, rail discontinuities (e. Loads which consist of (compa - rabl e) forklift axle load of 5 kips or less and stationary live loads less than 400 po unds per square foot. Since bridge deck slabs directly sustain repeated moving wheel loads, they are one of the most bridge elements susceptible to fatigue failure. This report covers the design of slabs on grade for loads caused by material stored directly on the slab or on storage racks, as well as static and dynamic loads associ-ated with handling equipment and vehicles. This spreadsheet has been designed to accommodate gravity loads which are typically present on industrial floor slabs. 9 225 ck Rd c prop Rd c l ck eff red l f V C. To support the slab, carbon fabric strips were applied to the underside of. This is confirmed both bythe analysis and by the higher wheel load at failure in single wheel tests. This thesis studies the capacity of slabs under concentrated loads close to supports. The deflection occurs at three loading position is greater in the dynamic wheel load as compare to the static wheel load. Wheel loads on concrete pavements cause tensile stresses to develop at the bottom of the slab. The dead load is comprised of the rail and slab weights, as well as any sidewalks or overlay (where applicable). In this study, the impact of effective factors (friction coefficient between dowel and concrete slab, wheel. The stresses occurs in the corner area is higher for the dynamic wheel load, but in case of the edge and center pavement. The D-load of the pipe to produce 0. Since floor slabs maybe designed for moving and extreme live loads, the design should be checked for stationary live loading conditions as well. Concrete Slab on Grade Dowel Bar Spacing, s = 15. This is prevented by imposing a minimum breaking load of pavement units in a bending test for segmental pavements and specifying a minimum compressive strength for concrete pavements. Looking for actual photos of our concrete colors? Check out our gallery of different Davis Colors concrete pigments and finishes. These methods are the NAASRA. Ground bearing concrete slabs. 8 kv 208 cc. Load per square foot of loaded a re a =40, 000-^90=44 5 lbs. Analysis of Concrete Slabs on Grade Download Beam Column Design to ACI-318 and ACI-350 Moving Loads - Spreadsheets Download Two-Way Slab Design to BS 8110. Terras – Effect of point loads on reinforced concrete slabs without transverse reinforcement 3 !=!∙!∙!!!! ∙ 1+ 2∙!!!∙!! −1 9 The plot of the shear failure criterion, along with the experimental results it is based on, is displayed on Figure 3. For ribbed slabs, the ratio should be reduced by 20% (5kN/m²), 10% (10kN/m²), 5% (20kN/m²), where the quoted loads refer to total unfactored dead and imposed load. Highway Live Loads on Concrete Pipe Foreword Thick, high-strength pavements designed for heavy truck traffic substantially reduce the pressure transmitted through a wheel to the subgrade and, consequently, to the underlying concrete pipe. of concrete delivered at about$125. Move up/down to wheel spacing = 81 Tire Inflation Pressure, Ip = 60. (2004) investigated single-span, simply-supported reinforced concrete slab bridges using finite-element analysis (FEA). It is joined by 2 solid rubber wheels, 2 swivel wheels and a channel. This epoxy absorbs the impact and shock of heavy loads and steel wheeled traffic, preventing erosion of control joint edges. Main Concrete Floor Slabs on Grade Subj to Heavy Loads [US Army TM 5-809-12] Concrete Floor Slabs on Grade Subj to Heavy Loads [US Army TM 5-809-12] Year: 1987. Heavy loads. = deflection of the right or Wlloaded slab at the joint. Specifically, a concrete slab on grade may be subjected to concentrated post or wheel loading. Dowel bars are embedded on both the slabs, and on one slab there is a dowel cap which provides space for the bar to occupy it when there is. Except for some isolation joints, all joints provide a means to mechnically connect slabs. 5-809-12 air force manual no. • One Axle = 2 wheels • Be careful with wheel vs. Bending of the slab due to wheel load on temperature. The Po r tland Ce-. If that's the case, it takes some math, and the numbers will be slightly fudged as the weight is not perfectly distributed to ea. These load categories includes the wheel loads on the bridge slabs or the loads from above floors on the columns that support the slab floors. The same provisions and objection were. DESIGN OF LONGITUDINAL GIRDERS Reaction factors. 1 psi for a 20 kip axle load. Contact Area, Ac = 86. The design of rigid pavement is based on providing a structural cement concrete slab of sufficient strength to resists the loads from traffic. Dispersion of load along span: The effective length of slab on which a wheel load or tack load acts shall be taken as equal to the dimensions of the tyre contact area over the wearing surface of the slab in the direction of the span plus twice the overall depth of the slab inclusive of the thickness of the wearing coat. Equipment and tools1. For wheels bolted side by side where the wheel centres are separated by less than 300 mm, the entire load transmitted to the slab through one end of the axle can be considered to represent the wheel load. Calculate the dead load of concrete slab acting on the beam per unit length of the beam as follows: Dead of concrete slab = γ c × (Unit Length of the Tributary Area × Width of the Tributary Area × Thickness of the concrete slab) = 23. The bond at the interface between the prestressed panels and the cast-in-place concrete performed without any indication of distress under these cyclic loads. Thomas Yu, Lev Khazanovich, Michael I. full text of "concrete floor slabs on grade subjected to heavy loads" see other formats army tm 5-809-1 2 air force afm 88-3, chap. , a temperature gradient of 3°F/in). That is, the concentrated post or wheel load is assumed to be well away from a "free" slab edge or corner. X 100 W1 ( 2) in which L = efficiency of load transfer, w1 = deflection of the left or loaded slab at the joint, and w. 00 you got a good deal. Joints are made in concrete to limit random cracking by controlling crack locations. Model studies and full-scale, accelerated traffic tests have shown that maximum tensile stresses in concrete pave-ments occur when vehicle wheel loads are close to a free or. Re: Concrete slab load limits. Poulos made the point that soil layering also affects the subgrade modulus, and that it is difficult to take layering into account. WWR along with joint spacing offer the two primary elements that can be effective in controlling shrinkage cracks. Because concrete floor slabs are rigid, concentrated loads from forklift wheels or rack posts are spread over a larger area of sub-grade which results in lower pressures than the slab surface is exposed to. In warehouses and storage facilities such slabs are subjected to concentrated point loads from storage rack posts or forklift wheel loads. Case 3: Wheel load at an edge of a slab, but removed from the corner. New concrete slabs must conform to the above stated properties before installation of the lift is deemed acceptable. Session-02: Define and assign sections properties and specifications for members in Staad pro. 6 Wheel proximity factors. Use to build a backyard BBQ pit, pour a concrete slab for a shed, repair an in-ground pool or set fence posts. Bending of the slab due to wheel load on temperature. Wheel loaders are four-wheel-drive earthmoving machines used primarily to load loose materials with a front-mounted bucket. d, where K is a constant defined as modulus of subgrade reaction. However, currently the shear strength and effective shear width of one‐way RC slabs is only poorly investigated. The only way asphalt anything competes is as finish surface on top of a 12 inch reinforced concrete slab, like on the interstate. The deck is often. 0 votes A 3-inch hot-mix asphalt (HMA) overlay is placed on the pavement as shown below. 8 Loading considerations for industrial floors. governed by the ACI rules for reinforced concrete design; the influence of the deck is simply that of the rib geometry imposed on the cross-section. Specifically, a concrete slab on grade may be subjected to concentrated post or wheel loading. 67 ×105 Pa and a tire print of 0. • Speed/wheel influence – P v = P + θP (AREMA) where P v = Vertical Dynamic Load (lbs) θ = D 33 x V D w x 100 D = Wheel diameter (in) V = Speed (MPH) P = Static Load (lbs) – Larger wheels impose less influence • Additional dynamic loads from impacts such as caused by wheel flat spots, rail discontinuities (e. The wheel contact area on the slab is estimated at 60 sq in. It can be used by both practicing Engineers and students. Session-02: Define and assign sections properties and specifications for members in Staad pro. The original theory and equations. American Concrete Institute Approach. Experimental and FEM Research on Airport Cement Concrete Direct-Thickening Double-Deck Pavement Slabs under Aircraft Single-Wheel Dynamic Loads Qingkun Yu , 1 Liangcai Cai , 1 and Jianwu Wang 2 1 Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, 710038, China. 10 [1] Figure 1 CHBdC wheel Load surfaces Contact area (Foot Print) table 1 wheel surface Contact area. The maximum value of the contact stress around dowel increases with the increase of applicated wheel load. A single actuator was used to apply dynamic loads to the corner of the loaded slab. 00 Dowel Bar Dia. Where: E edge = distribution width for wheel loads near slab edges (in. Concrete Strength, f 'c = 4000 psi Instructions for Use of Figure 3: Subgrade Modulus, k = 200. This problem is commonly a result of the slab designer having relied on aggregate interlock to transfer the wheel shear load across the joint. Refer to AD150. • Concrete edge protection system is shipped pre-mounted on the EZform™ board for simplified installation. Chapter 17 – Superstructure - General January 2020 17-4 17. 63~69, June 2009 Load Distribution Factors for Hollow Core Slabs with In-situ Reinforced Concrete Joints Jong-Young Song,1) Kim S, Elliott,2) Ho Lee,3) and Hyo-Gyoung Kwak4) (Received March 16, 2009, Revised May 6, 2009, Accepted May 7, 2009). Design of Cantilever Slab Spreadsheet Download Link. An extensive validation exercise was undertaken to compare the predictions obtained using these upper and lower bound solutions for a number of case studies, mainly of bridges. - Duration: 37:09. characteristic wheel load x fatigue factor) [i = Poisson's ratio, usually 015 h = slab thickness (mm) E = elastic modulus. The road in front on my house is 80 plus years old with all sort of heavy truck traffic, and yes it has cracked because the town in their ultimate wisdom thought to stop taring the seams in the concrete slabs. The 4 Wheel Dolly is used to move loads around the work site. I completed the 3 metre area outside the house and that was that for about a year. 7 Wheel load calculations for handling plant. Abstract This paper presents the results of a parametric study related to the wheel load distribution in one-span, simply supported, multilane, reinforced concrete slab bridges. The loaded back axle is negligible in this example. criteria for distribution of wheel loads on highway bridges. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS (Preparing Activity) NAVAL FACILITIES ENGINEERING COMMAND. Design of Cantilever Slab Spreadsheet Cantilever slabs are a typical one way slabs. Recommended load distribution methods for the. existing ratings. Move to right to eff. Enter the depth, width, and length to calculate the amount of cubic yards needed for your concrete slab. An unstable surface results where loose pavers are damaged (chipping and cracking) from continued wheel loads. The stresses occurs in the corner area is higher for the dynamic wheel load, but in case of the edge and center pavement. The first floor slab is 8. Impact must be added to the live load for fills less than 0. , thickness, curling, traffic, axle type, etc. Specifically, a concrete slab on grade may be subjected to concentrated post or wheel loading. edu/rtd Part of theCivil Engineering Commons This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University. For reinforced concrete slabs without transverse. You can find out the dead load per unit area since the density of the concrete is known.